Silicon

Silicon is added to many carbon and low-alloy steels as a deoxidizer, i.e., it removes dissolved oxygen from molten steel during the steel-refining process. Oxygen is an undesirable element in steel because it forms oxide inclusions, which can degrade ductility, toughness, and fatigue resistance. Silicon has a moderate effect on strengthening steel but is usually not added for strengthening. Each 0.1% Si increases the yield strength of iron by about 8 MPa. It is a ferrite stabilizer and is found in some stainless steels. Silicon is also added to

steel for enhanced electrical properties, e.g., iron–silicon transformer steels at 3.25% Si. These carbon-free steels have high magnetic permeability and low core loss.

Mechanical Engineers’

Handbook: Materials and Mechanical Design,

Volume 1, Third Edition.

Edited by Myer Kutz

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